The description of the activity that they come carried out from every single business function, permetterá to fully comprise the complex process of supplying.
The study of the activity allows to evidence the areas characterized from added value and therefore eventually not to external.
In the process of supplying observed near "society s.r.l." customer of the Unitec is possible to distinguish six activity main:

• Emission of the demand of purchase (emission RDO)
• Chosen of the supplier
• Emission of the order
• Reception goodses
• Management invoices (Approval and Recording)
• Payment invoices

Figure 2.3: purchase process

Every single macroactivity can ulteriorly to be decomposed in others microactivity.

• to) Emission of the demand of purchase the production unit emits the RDO, this happens as a result of:
  • Programming of the purchases of raw materials and semifinished ones in agreement with the production plans.
  • Planning of purchase technical members of reciprocation (in agreement with the programs of ordineria and extraordinary maintenance of the machinery.
  Such demand comes sended to organs of competence for the necessary approvals and therefore, once approved of, to the office it acquires. The demand of purchase must contain: issuing, approvals, account of imputation, specific of the material, amount and unitá of measure, date and place of delivery, other give to you additional. The input of the phase they are:
  • Program of maintenance
  • Technical cards of blot some
  • Approval to the purchase
  • Forecasting of programming
  The output of the phase:
  • Demand of purchase
  The relative activities to the process are:
  • Verification necessity of the material
  • Formulation RDO
  • To demand approval
  • Approval
  • Emission RDO
  • You speed up
• b) Choice of the supplier the activity of chosen of the supplier is one delicate phase carried out from the office acquires. Normally it comes held a list of suppliers approves of to you for merceologia and partnumber (for item giá previously acquires to you). Normally for the minuteria one addresses to us to common database as an example as it catalogues, for the important items the choice becomes strategic. The supplier, in fact, must possess the technology in order to realize the demanded product of the quality, in amount necessary and to competitive prices you. For the choice of the suppliers can to incur itself in more cases:
  • Only source of supplying: in case of licences, particular technical detailed lists and/or raw materials particular, physical positioning, etc..
  • Piú supplying sources: pursuing the advantage that derives from the competition that it allows a discouragement of the prices to discapito of a stable relationship with the suppliers
  • Single source: even if they are available more supplying, comes some chosen with which agreements of along term are settled down.
  Often the purchaser is conditioned in the choice of the supplier in terms of affidabilitá, sevizio post sale or geographic positioning of the supplier. Better terms than payment, mutual business and available to maintain a stock for the purchaser are ulterior factors for taking in consideration.
  For the choice of the suppliers a classification of the suppliers by means of the attribution of scores can be useful bases to you on the more important characteristics.
  In the phase of negotiation it is possible, for characteristic particular of the order, a dealing of the prices, the conditions of supply and payment that assure a mutual benefit.
  The price, in fact, is not the only factor for holding in consideration in order to take purchase decisions.
  He is determining only to parity of other elements.
  The price has a advanced limit and one inferior: the market establishes the advanced limit, the vendor calculates the inferior limit on the base of the costs of transformation and the expectations of profit, therefore it can be it negotiate the how much the more buyer has competence and contractual power.
  The definitive decision of the buyer is taken on the base of a comparison of offer, after to have sended one demanded of offer more suppliers, to receive the offered ones, and therefore to confront them based on the price time of delivery and the other conditions of purchase. In the processes of supplying succeeded the choice to you of the optimal supplier for every category of product it is simplified already in how much have been taken the contacts with the suppliers and immessi give to you in the database business.
  This explains the reason for which the process of supplying it represents an operating course that does not demand one constant activity of strategic decision.
  In case of important profits it only upgrades them can be justified the great amount of time and of necessary efforts for sure it negotiates to you.
  The prices of the commodities depend on the question and the offer and can have great fluctuations. In this case the currency of payment, the formulas of variation of the prices can be negotiated, etc. The Input of the phase is:
  • Demand for purchase
  • It catalogues and technical information and/or it trades them
  • Date base of the suppliers
  • Supplying tables of appraisal
  The Output of the phase:
  • Location of the ideal supplier
• c) Emission of the order Carried out the opportune appraisals, comes sended the purchase order always from part of the office acquires.
  The purchase order is a legal engagement to buy, prepared on the base of the demands for purchase and the offer let alone of other necessary information.
  Once accepted from the supplier it becomes a legal valid contract for the delivery of the assets like established in the terms and conditions specified in the purchase agreement.
  In the emission of the purchase order the last expression of will of the parts is rendered executive.
  For means, until to some years ago it was not valid the fax, hour is accepted from the judges like probative document.
  Once emitted the purchase order comes carried out the distribution of the same one. A copy is sended to the supplier, others is sended to the accounting, to issuing the demand and the agency that will receive the assets.
  To continuation of the emission of the order it can some it are demanded confirmation, containing document all give you of the order with the pattuiti prices. The Input of the phase is:
  • They give you of the optimal supplier
  • Confirmation of order
  The Output of the phase is:
  • Purchase order
  The relative activities to the process are:
  • To receive RDO
  • To emit the order
  • To demand confirmation
  • To distribute copies of the order
  • To record the order
• d) Following of the Monitorare order the advance of the order in order to assure that the delivery dates are respected is one important function of the purchases.
  The supplier is responsible of the delivery of the assets orders to you, in useful time; in the case the office acquires has doubts on the respect of the delivery dates, must undertake corrective actions in useful time: to speed up the transport, to find a supplier alternative.
  The office acquires is responsible in case of change in requirement of the supply: the demand can change in the time, therefore it can be necessary to speed up some voices and to try to delay of others. The Input of the phase is:
  • You speed up or variations from the unit petitioner
  • Database of the suppliers alternated to you
  The Output of the phase:
  • You speed up or variations to the suppliers
  The relative activity to the process is:
  • Shipment prompt or communication of variations of the supply
• and) Management invoices This phase is entrusted to the contabilitá and the administration.
  To the reception of the invoice of the supplier, the congruenza of three documents must be verified: the purchase order, the relationship of reception goodses, the invoice.
  All and the three documents must appear on the same articles and the same ones amount. The prices of the invoice and the eventual reductions in price, must be equal to those of the order.
  In case of discrepancies, the office acquires dovrá to resolve to resolve the differences.
  Once approved of the verification, the invoice comes subsequently sended to contabilitá for the recording and to the administration for the payment previa the authorization. The paid invoices come then archiviate. The input of the phase they are:
  • The invoices
  The output:
  • Paid and archiviate invoices.
  The relative activity to the process is:
  • To receive invoices (contabilitá)
  • To demand approval (contabilitá)
  • Eventual clarifications (contabilitá)
  • To pay invoices (administration)
  • To record invoices (administration)
  • Clarifications with the banks (administration)